Analyzing Leadership and Motivation Styles at Tata Steel

Analyzing Leadership and Motivation Styles at Tata Steel As we all know that the steel is an important item which implies the evolution and prosperity of any nation .The steel industry is basically a start-up for the development of any country .For an overall growth of India ,which is emerging as an expeditiously industrialized country ,it was very essential to accomplish the technological change in the making of iron and steel .Today ,some of the top nations which produces steel are developing countries .For instance ,China is one of the largest steel producing country in the world .Indias position is tenth as mentioned in Wilhelm 1998,Steel Scenario Yearbook,1998.India being a large deposit of iron-ore ,a low labour workforce ,highly qualified manpower resources but still it could not generate the required thrust in order to bring the technological changes. Developing countries cannot always afford to build up or extend their own technologies .They need sometimes to bring technologies from other developed countries .The characteristics of socio-economic factors of India have greatly influenced the technological growth of the country in general .India turn out to be having a good technology base and also has developed a high level of adequate quality in the areas of information technology ,atomic energy and space sciences. In such case when India was emerging to be a developing nation,I would like to state about one of the leader whose leadership skills and motivation styles took India to great level of technology and growth and prosperity features. Jamsedji Nusserwanji Tata was one of the leader whose continuous innovations led India to develop a lot.He was born in a Parsi family on march 3,1839. At the age of 14,he came to Bombay and in 1868,at the age of 29,he started a private trading firm with a small capital of Rs 21,000.During this period,he travelled a lot to various places which inspired in him the desire to set up a bankrupt oil mill and then he convert it into cotton mill where cotton goods were manufactured and was named as Alexander Mill.His continuous efforts and inspirations led him to develop and launch few mills which were supported by Indian shareholders.He was a unique personality.He not only thought about the innovative ways to manufacture textiles and gain profit from them but he also devised new labour practices which satisfied his employees.He always mentioned that its not just his personal success but also for all those employess who have worked for him. Jamshedji was such a nationalist who made significant remarks of the industrial revolution and came to the conclusion that the economic self-sufficiency should go hand in hand with political independence and thus he then made three important basic ingredients: the steel is very important and can be addressed as the mother of heavy industry; hydroelectric power was the cheapest energy to be generated and finally, the technical education. A report on the rich iron ore deposits in India highly motivated him to set up a steel plant for the nation.He researched for years about the process of making the steel and also travelled to Europe and the US for technical advice from other revolutionary thinkers and nationalists.Due to his leadership skills,he was able to set and start a steel plant.The Tata iron and Steel was formed in 1907,in Jamshedpur,in Jharkhand.Also in 1892,he endowed an investment for deserving students for their higher education in abroad.He basically envisioned a national system of education and research institutes in the fields of science and technology,medicine,philosophy and arts. Unfortunately,he was not able to achieve all the three key ideas that he had in mind during his lifetime.The achievement he had was that he had completed Taj Mahal. The Tata Iron and Steel Company grew rapidly and by 1911,its production increased upto 70,000 tons of iron per year .According to the Dictionary of National Biography,the entire industry would support 60,000 workers and their dependants which was truly a high number.Jamshedji was renowed for his enthusiasm embrace innovations and use them not only to improve not only his business but also the lives of the Indian people.He was the first man in India to use rubber tires on his carriage and the first to drive an automobile in the Mumbai city.As the Dictionary of national Biography noted,he characteristically showed ,first,an extensive imagination and keen perception,next a scientific and calculating study of the project and all that is involved and finally a high capacity for organization.He was a man of simple values and perceptions and he scorned publicly or self-adverstisement.Though he passed away by the time,his spirits and efforts were carried forward by his son RD Tata and his co usin Dorabji. Jamshedji was a man whose leadership skills and motivations styles made the plant established,thought about the welfare of his employees.He not only envisioned a emphasized and dynamic workforce but he also envisioned a planned city with a lot of greenery around. Leadership according to JRD meant motivating others, As a chairman,my main responsibility is to inspire respect. According to JRD,the quality had to match innovation.He repeatedly stressed , If you want excellence ,you must aim at perfection. The symbol T has to be the symbol of quality.He was the man who was known for his renowed brand comprising the total quality of the Tata group. Tata too believed in the positive Pygmalion effect towards his employees.He asked the question ,if the workers or employees were being treated exceptionally well,why were they frequently discontented and suspect and hostile towards the company? According to Tata,the viewpoint of any successful labour policy depends upon making the employees feel what they wanted. He was a man who continuously believed in the positive Pygmalion effect which led to a great extension of the Tata group with the help of all the motivated and inspired employees. Thus Tata Steel became one of the earliest companies in India who had a dedicated human resources department.JRD was Indias most well known industrialist,widely respected for his massive contribution to the development of Indian Industry and aviation in particular.Some of the leadership skills about JRD Tata can be stated as follows :approachable,realistic,charismatic,courageous,compassionate,supportive towards innovation,aware of a sense of responsibility,committed to values and a visionary.Jamshedji and Tata both proved themselves to be an authentic leaders and had set a vision for Tata group. Tata Iron and Steel set up in 1907 comes under Tata group which is a private multinational firm with its headquarters at Mumbai.The present chairman is Ratan Tata who took over from JRD Tata in 1991.With the continuous efforts ,its operations covers many fields related to industry,application engineering,information technology,communications,materials,automotive,chemical energy,telecommunications,softwares,hotels,steel and consumer goods. Mission: The aim of the Tata Group is to improve the quality of life in the society by virtue of integrity,understanding,excellence,unity and responsibility. The Tata Group is 150 years old.It currently comprises 96 operating countries,which together employed some 357,000 people worldwide and had enough revenues of US $ 72.5 billion (Feb 2009).It exports products and services to one hundred and forty nations.The Charitable trust of Tata holds 65.8% of the ownership of Tata Group.The production in Tata Steel actually started in 1912 and produces steel at the lowest cost in the world.In 1910,the Tata Hydro-electric Power Supply company was set up. Today the extension of the Tata Group is really remarkable.Tata offers management,economic and financial services.It offers great services in investments and market shares.It is linked to consumer durables like tea,watches,gold,diamonds ; information and communication systems like TCS,Nelco,Tata Infotech,VSNL,Tatanet. Current Financial Crisis: Due to the global financial market crisis,the demand in the steel and its related products has led a drop down.But Tata Steel has still expressed the tendancy for the best possible outcome about retaining its position as one of the worlds largest steel makers.According to media reports ,in October 2008,company vice president ,Partho Sengupta claimed that Tata steel was deliberately well planned to handle the current financial crisis. Awards and Achievements: The Tata Steel was awarded Deming Application Prize in 2008 for Total Quality Management. It is very clear that the leaders are very clear about what they are making and also very flexible about how it gets made.The leaders can make and remake organizations.Jamshedji and Tata were such leaders who were succeeded in embarking on brand building expedition and whose goal was to unify the distinct and diffuse enterprise . Tata brand has strengthen its leadership position on all parameters and those parameters includes knowledge of the business environment,dynamism,workplace quality,quality of products and services ,consistency,reputation and renowed. The Tata Group can be called as a unique assest which represents Leadership with Trust. It provides complete management and financial resources to emerge and develop globally competitive skills to succeed in this endeavor.Tata has strong values where vision and mission comprises of ensuring growth and developing sustainable value to all stakeholders.It mainly focus on the culture of sustainability.It believes in collaboration mea ns it believes in achieving success through teamwork,within employees and partners.Its values composes of care or concern about the well being of its employees and bettering its standards continuously with passion and pride. According to Ratan Tata,in addition to good leadership and management,loyalty must be earned by managers and employees.Hes gentle,kind manner give rise to loyalty and yet he encourages his manager to make tough decisions. I am highly inspired by the leadership skills and motivating styles of such great leaders who have really worked for the growth and prosperity of the nation.Their inspirational motivations associates them to commit to the vision of the organization which in turn had also encourage the employees to reach the goals.I firmly believe that their innovations and creativity had really has a challenging effect on the normal beliefs of the people.They are the real leaders who had individual consideration with each of its associates which help them to reach goals of the organization.Today the Tata group is a renowned company which inspires confidence in its employees,encourage employees to volunteer to perform tasks and high employee satisfaction.This is the reason why the leading brand of Tata group is able to maintain its position and becoming better with its own authenticity.Today,Tata deals with its costumers worldwide countries like China,Japan,Malaysia,Singapore,France,Germany. It is ver y true that the teamworks within any organization helps businesses to overcome all kinds of problems whether it is internally or externally.Moreover,corporate teamwork covers the whole information on how people can expand their knowledge through teamwork and how teamwork helps organization build and grow.Tata is a global growing company where employees keep emerging with their ideas of innovation.The big reason for this is the brand recognition of Tata.According to the Economist blogs,Tata has interests ranging from mineral water to steel.It has also become the symbol of Indias growing overseas.Its transformation into global scale is very large.

Business to business system in supply Chain extension Essay

In the aerospace sector, manufacturers are making strategic efforts to consolidate their supply base and forge stronger relationships with remaining suppliers (Stundza, 1999). For example, Boeing consolidated and standardized its supply contracts and plans to reduce its number of suppliers from 3,100 to 2,700 (Stundza, 2000b). Bowman (1998) notes that within the last year in the logistics industry shippers are increasingly bidding at the corporate level. More of them are making decisions by committee, whittling down their international provider base to a bare minimum. For example, he notes that about 40 percent of the global accounts of APL Ltd. , a worldwide logistics provider, had some type of logistics council or centralized body for purchasing, strategizing, and decision making. 8 To set the stage for PSM change, innovative customers are conducting comprehensive, corporate-wide spend analyses 9 to better understand their primary sources of expenditures and to then target their PSM improvement initiatives (e.g. , quality, speed, or cost effectiveness) on those goods and services that represent their largest and most strategic expenditures (see Owens et al. , 1998, and Laseter, 1998). 10 Customers are also stratifying their supply base by effect on results and level of strategic risk and then matching the specific management approach and type of relationship formed with particular suppliers to (Moore, Baldwin, Camm, and Cook 2002, 6 – 7). The truth of the matter is that the chains grew because they introduced a method of retail distribution for which there was a definite need and which the old wholesaler-retailer system failed to supply. To what extent the old system was inherently deficient and to what extent its shortcomings could be and have been corrected must be discussed now, not for the sake of stressing the imperfections of a competitive system but in order to contrast certain features of the chain-store system. The ideal distribution system would bridge the gap between production and consumption with maximum efficiency at minimum cost. Without any question, the outstanding inherent defect of the old wholesaler-retailer system lay in the fact that, under it, the wholesale function and the retail function are performed by separate, independent factors, whereas, under the chain-store system, the two functions are, to a major extent, combined. In no sense does the chain-store system eliminate the wholesale function: it still has to be performed, but, whereas under the old system the wholesaler exercised no control over his retail outlets nor did the retailer have any control over his sources of supply, under the chain-store system both functions are performed by the same organization and the control is unified. That this basic difference between the two systems has been partly nullified by the development of voluntary chains of various kinds is true. But the fact remains that such organizations did not come prominently into the picture until the chains had established themselves on a firm basis. When the chains were making their greatest strides, the old wholesaler-retailer set-up provided their principal competition. Reduced to its simplest terms, the main result of the essential difference between the two systems lies in the fact that under the old plan it is necessary for the wholesaler to sell to the retailer before the merchandise can find its way into consumption. Under the chain-store system, this intervening selling process, with all its disadvantages, is obviated. (Lebhar 1963, 87- 88) â€Å"In 1981, standards for shipping containers were adopted; these facilitated the extension of the UPC into the emerging supply chain processes then appearing in both manufacturing and retailing industries. One of the reasons that the UPC had to spread grew out of the fact that not all goods sold in grocery stores were food; they included health and beauty aids, household cleaners, and so forth, which came from other industries. To take full advantage of the technology, the Grocery Industry wanted others to adopt the symbol as well. During the 1980s and 1990s, that was what happened. † (Cortada 2004, 299) a. Keywords ? GDP = the growth development project is one of the most important factors in determining the standing of the country in terms of their economic inflation. ? e-buisness = is one of the most popular business internet market the products here are quite fast in the presentation to the client or so called the customer. ? Probability of UK GDP = this is something to do with the computation of the GDP of UK. This will reveal the trends of the UK if the economic inflation will fall or ascent. ? Linear regression= is the model that will suit in some computation for economic studies. This will also lead the person to identify the trends of the business to the market place. b. Basic Definitions and Terms The following terms were formulated for more understanding: ? Business to business (B2B) = It refers to the business situation and ? Inflation = This means that †¦.. ? Information technology = This refers to †¦.. c. Primary Sources d. Map out Important Areas e. Originality f. Review Conclusion.

‘Of mice and men’ Several Characters Essay

Q: In ‘of mice and men’ several characters show they have hopes and dreams of a better future. Explain why you think this is what the character gain or lose from their dreams. A dream is something you indulge in, to escape for a moment from life. This seems to be the circumstance that John Steinbeck intended his characters in Of Mice and Men to dream in. They are all craving for something – in the case of George and Lennie, that something is land. They are not the first travelling ranch hands to summon up images of their own land, or of being their own bosses. This dream is similar to the Great American Dream, that you can achieve anything if you have the mind and desire to do it. However I will explain how the characters in ‘Of Mice And Men’ gained and lose from their dreams. To begin with, the two main characters, George and Lennie. Their dream is to have call their own land, but that is mostly George’s dream, Lennie wants to look after the rabbit, since he likes to tend soft things. Lennie is introduced in the novel as a animal imagery, ‘a huge man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes, with wide, sloping shoulder; and he walked heavily dragging his feet a little, the way bears drag his paws.’ He acts like a little child and he looks up to George as guidance. At times George wishes he didn’t have to put up wit Lennie, but you realise that they cant live without each other, they need each others company, ‘I got you to look after me, and you got me to look after you.’ Yet carrying on about George and Lennie’s dream, there is a gain and lose of the dream. They have a sense of hope, ‘we got a future. We got somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us.’ This means by George and Lennie having each other, the there would be a sense of hope with their dream, for their future, for them to look forward together. During their bad times at the ranch, they have the dream to look forward to, which the dream gives a sense of purpose, to escape from reality. When their dream will come true, they will be free from prejudice; they wouldn’t have anyone treating them with disrespect. Also one of the most important facts that George will gain is to be in charge of own destiny, a sense of ownership, ‘an’ it’d be our own.’ He has an idea of the kind of place he is looking for, ‘got a little win’ mill. Got a shack on it, an’ a chicken run. Got a kitchen, orchard, cherries, apples, peaches, `cots, nuts, got a few berries. They’s a place for alfalfa and plenty water to flood it. They’s a pig-pen†¦.’ However there is a lose of this dream, a lose of hope and touch with reality. When they arrive at the ranch where they will be working the first person that they meet is an older gentleman named Candy. Candy has lived a long and hard life on the ranch and has nothing to show for it. During his time on the ranch he has lost his hand, grown old, and feels that he has become worthless. The name â€Å"Candy† is an interesting one for this character though. When you think of candy you see children eating it while running around in the yard having a good time without a care in the world. This is the exact opposite of what the character in the novel is. The restless fiend of age has caught up with him and he is not able to move as fast as he once did; even his dog is unable to move about. Candy and his dog have good bond relationship; they have each other like George and Lennie. When George and Lennie reveals their dream, Candy become interested and wanted to share the dream, ‘s’pose I went with you guys. Tha’ three hundred an’ fifty bucks I’d put in. I ain’t much good, but I could cook and tend the chickens and hoe the garden some. How’d that be?’ Candy wants to share this dream since he wants to be use, since how candy’s dog was treated. His dog was killed, since it was no use and candy doesn’t want to be useless.

Essay on The Heroes Among Us - 910 Words

It’s a bird, it’s a plane, no its Superman! You remember these comic book heroes don’t you? For decades comic book characters such as Superman, Spiderman, Batman, and Wonder Woman have captured the imaginations of American children and adults alike. â€Å"Superheroes† they have been coined. But these figures only exist in our imaginations. Batman is not really there to save us from villains such as the Joker and the Riddler is he? Because these heroes are fictional, we are left without real life heroes, or are we? There must be heroes or there would never b e a peaceful night’s rest, we would be afraid to go outside for fear of being hurt, and our life would be lived in a constant paranoia that something or someone is going to kill us. But,†¦show more content†¦When you remember these things you notice all the love behind them. They protected you from the horrors in the world as a child, didn’t want to take away the innocence by let ting you know that not everyone gets bedtime stories, or that some children don’t have a home or parents. They do so much for you that when you stop and take a look, you can see that they were your heroes from the very beginning. Ever been driving down the road, possibly with a child in the backseat, and all of a sudden the wail of a siren blast through the air and you pull off the road? Within seconds you see flashing lights and a police car or fire truck speeds past you and, without thinking about it, you just witnessed heroes in action. That child in the backseat will probably never forget the event. The first time many teachers or parents hear a child say, â€Å"I want to be a policeman/firefighter when I grow up,† it’s because this child has seen policemen and firefighters in action. In a child’s eyes, policemen catch the bad guys and make the street safe and firefighters put out monstrous fires with their cool hoses and save people from burning buildings. Children see all of these works as â€Å"cool† and â€Å"awesome† and grow up to be part of this group of brave people who put their lives onShow MoreRelatedOrdinary People: The Heroes Among Us Essay717 Words   |  3 Pageshero truly is leaves little room to recognize some of the most significant heroic contributions to society, especially those accomplished by ordinary people. Consider the contributions made by the volunteers of Big Brothers Big Sisters. These unsung heroes invest time, talent and resources to help change the life of a child. The significant impact may never be fully known by the volunteers yet they pour their lives into needs of others. The knowledge of having made a lasting impression on a child’sRead MoreLiterary Works Based On War And Heroism1003 Words   |  5 PagesDanes in their long fight against Grendel, showing his heroism. Both characters Achilles and Beowulf share some similar traits such as their thirst for glory, their abnormal strength, and their courage. The characters also display several differences among each other as in they are not from the same cultures, Beowulf is more selfless than Achilles, and Achilles fights humans instead of mythical creatures such as Beowulf does. In medieval literature and todays literature, heroism is important simply becauseRead MoreCompare And Contrast Wigulf And Beowulf874 Words à ‚  |  4 Pagestheir lives for others, and truly care about the well being and state of life of their friends, family, and people. Gold and fame are usually motivators for most so called â€Å"heroes†, but there are three traits required of a true protector of the masses. Although one can make an argument that Beowulf and Wiglaf are selfish heroes for hire, their bravery, strength, and determination demonstrates their moral standings and code of ethics. Bravery, the first of the three core traits, is arguably the mostRead MoreWhy We Love Tv Anti Heroes1374 Words   |  6 PagesHolland April 13, 2014 Why We Love TV’s Anti-Heroes Is it possible today’s generation gradually evolved into an era in which selfishness and evil overpowers good? Over the past years society perceives the idea of a hero differently than it was perceived in the 21st century, nevertheless impacts our society hugely. It is no surprise why youth of today enjoy T.V. shows that are driven by torture, killing, drugs and drama. In fact these are among the T.V. shows with higher ratings. 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Even whence we as human beings always tend to have our political, social, economic and religious differences, at the end of the day we all have one thing in common that fills our dreams with hopes of the future, of safetyRead MoreAnyone Can Be a Hero1524 Words   |  7 Pagesthat there are no more heroes in the world today, that any or everyone we look up to has a bad reputation or not worth our time and eventually will steer us in the wrong direction. To our understanding this is not true there are heroes in our world, Webster dictionary defines hero as a male figure that displays superior courage and strength or a person who, in the opinion of others, has heroic qualities or has performed a heroic act and is regarded as a model or ideal. Heroes are everywhere we justRead MoreThe Gods of Greek Mythology Essay1325 Words   |  6 Pagesnumerous myths survived through many writings and through much art. Each of these myths is very unique, and moreover, tells us much about the Greek Gods. The Greek myths in particular convey to us that Greek Gods and Goddesses looked and acted like humans, that they possessed astonishing powers, and that they interact ed with humans mainly for personal purposes and sometimes to aid heroes. Firstly, Greek gods and goddesses were viewed as being to a great extent similar to men and women. To start, it isRead MoreThe Hero As A Hero1009 Words   |  5 PagesI could never fully understand what the title hero represents. It is very confusing thinking about a definition of the word hero. Growing up I had a lot of heroes. My favorites heroes changed as I was growing older. As a kid, Superman was my favorite hero. He could fly, stop bullets, he had laser eyes, and see through walls. It was exciting. When I grow older, John McClane was my hero. He will stop terrorist all by himself, risking everything that he got just to save the people he cares about. ItRead MoreRole Of The Men And Women1060 Words   |  5 Pageschooses as its heroes or its role models. The reality of that statement can be felt throughout society as it clamors to see justice, courage, and honor in the lives of its citizens. Society needs its heroes to help define itself among a sea of different societies. Ne xt, as society shifts, these ideals remain the same but the way they are expressed in our heroes will naturally shift. Finally, society is left to determine if this new expression of its core beliefs is acceptable. â€Å"We need heroes first and

Capital Punishment And The Death Penalty - 1152 Words

For as long as our country has been in effect; we have created a culture of killing through the use of the death penalty. Capital punishment used to be very popular back in the 1600s but this is 2015 and things need to change. This USA is in league with Syria, Afghanistan, North Korea, and Iraq in enacting the death penalty. Why are we still accepting it as a form of punishment when so few accept it? Furthermore, several studies and research have shown that taking the life of another human being through capital punishment only perpetuates a cycle of violence. Also other research has shown that flaws in our justice system has led to innocent being prosecuted, guilty being set free, and a plethora of other biases being present during capital punishment cases. The whole process is flawed in many ways, but the scariest part about it is that very little has been done to change it. In this great and wonderful country we say that we value tolerance and diversity but in most cases we seem t o forget this and instead look for vengeance and death. The death penalty is a heinous crime which enacts the very principles with which; we are condemning an accused individual. Due to its racial and economic injustices, and the inhumaneness of the torturous death penalty; the penalty of death should be abolished. In many cases the argument for the death penalty is because it gives retribution to the families. Arguing that an execution is the solution to the pain of victims families does notShow MoreRelatedCapital Punishment : The Death Penalty1482 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. McElmoyl 12/12/14 Capital Punishment As stated by former governor of New York, Mario M. 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The death penalty has been practiced byRead MoreCapital Punishment : The Death Penalty1410 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment in America In 1976 the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled the Death Penalty constitutionally permissible. The debate over capital punishment has always been a topic of great controversy. Before the Supreme Court ruling in 1976 America had been practicing capital punishment for centuries. At the current time some states enforce the death penalty, while some do not. There are differences of opinion’s relating to whether or not the death penalty is the proper wayRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty991 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment Imagine your having a normal morning, eating breakfast doing your normal routine. Suddenly your phone rings and when you answer you hear the worst news possible. One of your family members has just been murdered in cold blood. You cry, mourn, then become angry. You attend the court hearing and you sit less than 20 feet away from the murderer. Do you truly believe this person deserves to live? Or should they face a punishment that is equal to their crime? Some may say CapitalRead MoreThe Death Penalty And Capital Punishment1569 Words   |  7 Pagesthe death penalty also referred to as capital punishment. The death penalty is both useless and harmful to not only criminals but also their potential victims. This paper uses these horrific facts to try and convince the reader that the death penalty should be done away with before it is too late, although that time may have already come. With supporting evidence to support my cause, I hope that the following information sways at least one reader to see the harm of keeping the death penalty an activeRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1235 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is capital punishment? Why do people support it, but yet people cherish lives? Is it a moral thing to do? Should one be for or against the Death Penalty? Let’s take a look deep into the world of justices and why capital punishment still exists in today’s society. Capital punishment or the death penalty is a feder al punishment given to criminals who are convicted of murders. It is the highest law punishment available that can prevent future murders by developing fear within them. Capital punishmentRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1017 Words   |  5 PagesName: Lucas Falley Topic: Capital Punishment Background: Capital punishment, or the death penalty, has existed for thousands of years. For as long as there has been organized society, the death penalty has existed in numerous cultures and civilizations. Throughout the years the methods have changed, but the use of capital punishment is becoming a pressing matter. Amnesty International reports that there are 140 countries worldwide that have abolished the death penalty, while over 50 countries stillRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is A Capital Punishment1271 Words   |  6 Pages What is the death penalty? The death penalty is a capital punishment that is punishable by death or execution. This is usually given to people that have committed serious offences or capital crimes. There are 31 states in the United States that are for the death penalty. Crimes that are punishable by the death penalty, vary from state to state. Examples of such crimes are; first degree murder or premeditated murder, murder with special circumstances, such as: intende d, multiple, and murder whichRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1539 Words   |  7 PagesCapital punishment, otherwise known as the death penalty, has been the center of debate for a long time. Capital punishment may be defined as the â€Å"[e]xecution of an offender sentenced to death after conviction by a court of law of a criminal offense† (Capital Punishment). Up until 1846, when Michigan became the first to abolish the death sentence, all states allowed legal practice of capital punishment by the government (States). Currently, there 32 states still supporting the death penalty and 18Read MoreThe Death Penalty Of Capital Punishment1480 Words   |  6 Pagesjustice system, such as the death penalty. Capital punishment has been used many times in history all around the world, and it was quite popular. Many people argue that capital punishment is useful in deterring crime and that it is only fair that criminals receive death as punishment for a heinous crim e. On the contrary, others see the death penalty as a violation of the 8th amendment. It restricts excessive fines, and it also does not allow cruel and unusual punishment to be inflicted upon criminals

Alcoholism Example

Essays on Alcoholism Term Paper Your full full May 02, Alcoholism Alcoholism or Alcohol Dependence Syndrome is a type of chronic disease which is associated with excessive use of alcohol. â€Å"Alcoholism, also called alcohol dependence or alcohol addiction, is a destructive pattern of alcohol use that includes tolerance to or withdrawal from the substance† (Dryden-Edwards). Some of the main elements of alcoholism include craving, physical dependence, tolerance, and loss of control. According to Butcher, Mineka, and Hooley, a person suffering from this disease loses self-control at times, as well as creates various psychological problems for himself/herself. Some key symptoms of alcoholism include shakiness, sweating, neglecting home and job responsibilities, and uncontrollable need for alcohol. Researchers have proved alcoholism to be the major cause of violence and increase in the number of car accidents all over the world. A number of factors make people consume alcohol. Some of those factors include into xication, social influence, mental relaxation, nice taste, and decrease in depression and boredom. The level of intoxication associated with alcohol and the relaxation that people get through alcohol are two of the major factors that make people alcohol addict.Although stopping alcohol addicts from taking alcohol is difficult, but there exist some treatment methods that can be used to make people come back to normal life by leaving alcohol. Some of those methods include relapse prevention, individualized drug counseling, cognitive-therapy techniques, motivational enhancement therapy, and use of stimulus control and urge control techniques. The outcome of these treatment methods is positive most of the times as alcohol addicts start changing their life patterns by stopping or reducing the use of alcohol and alcoholic products.Works CitedButcher, James, Susan Mineka, and Jill Hooley. Abnormal Psychology. 14th ed. Boston: Allyn Bacon, 2009.Dryden-Edwards, Roxanne. â€Å"Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.† Medicinenet.com, n.d. Web. 02 May 2012.

Competitive Strategy Business Scenario

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategy for Business Scenario. Answer: Business Model Innovation In the contemporary business scenario, business model innovation has been considered as one of the prime contributors for growth perspective. Through the identification of flexible strategic moves, organisations can implement essential alterations to promote sustainability in business operations. Considerably, business model innovation has been utilised by the global MNEs and SMEs to meet the shifting demand of the target demographics in a given market. Notably, many of the global business leaders have failed to generate specified business model innovation in the contemporary business environment. As a result of the consequences, many enterprises at the global platform have been unable to contain the top position in their respective industry due to lack of sustainable business model innovation (Andries and Debackere, 2013). In the e-learning scenario, the video has presented the essentiality of business model innovation. In the video, the orator, Dr Oliver Gassman has identified the mistakes made by the flourishing organisations while looking for intensification in the global platform (Gassman, 2016). Under the current circumstances, the business organisations operating at the global front must evaluate business innovation strategy to manipulate unswerving success. For instance, companies such as Philips and Nokia Corporation can be taken into consideration. Due to lack of an innovative business model, the onetime market leaders have fallen behind to the newcomers. Moreover, business model innovation has not only the technological innovation but also developing new ideas, trend and product diversification. By considering the product-life cycle, modern organisations must introduce latest products and technology to update the business model on a regular interval. According to Dr Oliver Gassman, an organisation must strictly follow the four identified phases to secure business growth at the long-run perspective (Gassman, 2016). The first identified phase has initi ated the perfect innovation ideas that can apply to the current business structure. In this way, significant alterations can be made in the business model. In the second stage, available innovation ideas must be compared to the current successful market practices to select the best possible alternative. The third phase has identified the possible scope of integrating the latest ideas. Thus, strong growth opportunities in a given market can be evaluated. The final stage has confirmed the recent ideas for successful implementation in the innovation business model (Taran, Boer and Lindgren, 2015). Such efficient market operations can influence the regular business activities of modern organisation securing market success. Through the understanding of innovation business model in the operational structure, FedEx can modify their current business model at the global platform. Being a courier services enterprise, the organisation has covered a massive business market on the global front. In the competitive business scenario, FedEx has introduced fair logistics policy to stay one step ahead of the other market competitors. Such advanced logistics facility has influenced the brand identity and services structure of the firm to the global target demographics (Bucherer, Eisert and Gassmann, 2012). On the other hand, in order to increase the customers loyalty, customer value has been increased on the business model to present a good corporate image to the target demographics. Such innovative strategies can influence the activities of the target demographics. Notably, FedEx has supported the social and environmental structure providing sustainable investment. Through the identification of latest technological development, the organisation has improvised successful installation of technology effective for logistics management. Therefore, FedEx can improve the service status on a positive note creating significant competitive advantage. Moreover, FedEx has structured efficient services at an affordable price range to improve the market share in the emerging markets such as China and India. Evidently, the organisation has influenced the productivity of the human resources providing all important services and technology-related training (Lindgren, 2012). Along with that, the latest business model innovation has opened up recent growth opportunities to the business structure of FedEx creating merger prospects for other global logistics businesses operating in the different parts of the globe. Conclusively, such instrumental innovation model has significantly contributed towards business sustainability of FedEx. CAGE Framework CAGE framework presents the relationship between two countries that is essential in trade development between the nations. It is considered as an essential theory of management study that helps in evaluating the trade relation of two different countries. The concept of CAGE framework has been developed by Professor Pankaj Ghemawat who believes that CAGE can be used as a management tool to develop international trade strategy of an organisation (Ghemawat, 2015). The study presented by Professor Pankaj Ghemawat is useful for MNCs to plan their international trade policies to have better international opportunities in different parts of the world (Ghemawat, 2015). It is important for any organisation to consider the four factors that influence trade between two countries. The concept of CAGE has been developed by using the acronym of four different words. C stands for Culture, A stands for Administration, G stands for Geography and E stands for Economy (Ghemawat, 2015). These four words present the four factors that influence the trade relationship between two countries. Hence, it is essential for any business organisation to consider all these factors while choosing a foreign market for trade. Culture is the most crucial factor that joins two countries. Furthermore, if two countries shares same geographical boundary, have almost same political scenario and economic status, the trade increase by ten to fifteen times between those countries. He gave the example of two countries that are Canada, Mexico and the USA. It can be seen that the United States of America has better trade relationship with Canada as compared to Mexico (Ghemawat and Siegel, 2011). It occurs because of the similarities between the CAGE frameworks of both the countries. In the case of Mexico, the country has a different political system and cultural practices that increases the trade barriers. Hence, it can be seen that CAGE framework plays an important role in making decisions regarding choosi ng a foreign market for trade (MiloloÃ…Â ¾a, 2015). Therefore, it is recommended to any Multinational organisation to consider the theory of CAGE framework while making decision to expand business in a new market over the global platform. Considering the example of IKEA which is a market leader in the global furniture retail industry, it can be seen that the company has its maximum business in the Euro zone. Being a Sweden based company IKEA has its maximum operations and profit from the European Union nations. The company chooses the markets keeping in mind the CAGE framework. For example, in Europe IKEA have its operations in Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Ireland, Germany and many other countries that have similarities in the four factors such as Culture, Administration, Geography and Economy. The European Union nations have free trade policy that increases the opportunity of growth for IKEA in the international market (Ghemawat and Siegel, 2011). IKEA can easily trade between these countries without establishing separate units of trade in every country. Furthermore, when considering the American market, it can be seen that the company has a separate unit of manufacturing and distribution for the United S tates and Canada. Hence, establishing a manufacturing and distribution in every similar market provides the company with competitive advantage over the global platform. Looking at the Asian market, IKEA has its operations centre in China, Indonesia, India, Malaysia, Singapore and other countries. But, the trade in Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia are most effective for the company because of its similarities in trade factors. Hence, it can be seen that the similarities of the factors plays an important role in developing trade relationship between two countries (MiloloÃ…Â ¾a, 2015). Furthermore, IKEA has effectively implemented the CAGE framework while selecting markets for the expansion of business over the global platform. References Andries, P. and Debackere, K. (2013). Business Model Innovation: Propositions on the Appropriateness of Different Learning Approaches.Creativity and Innovation Management, 22(4), pp.337-358. Bucherer, E., Eisert, U. and Gassmann, O. (2012). Towards Systematic Business Model Innovation: Lessons from Product Innovation Management.Creativity and Innovation Management, 21(2), pp.183-198. Gassman, O. (2016). Business Model Innovation. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4ZSGQW0UMI [Accessed Aug. 2016]. Ghemawat, P. (2015).Pankaj Ghemawat: CAGE framework to evaluate international trade opportunities. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FpUJaG7uMk [Accessed Aug. 2016]. Ghemawat, P. and Siegel, J. (2011).Cases about redefining global strategy. Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business Pub. Lindgren, P. (2012). Business Model Innovation Leadership: How Do SMEs Strategically Lead Business Model Innovation?.IJBM, 7(14). MiloloÃ…Â ¾a, H. (2015). Differences between Croatia and EU Candidate Countries: the CAGE Distance Framework.Business Systems Research Journal, 6(2). Taran, Y., Boer, H. and Lindgren, P. (2015). A Business Model Innovation Typology.Decision Sciences, 46(2), pp.301-331.